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The PCF8591 is a single-chip, single‑supply low‑power 8‑bit CMOS data acquisition device with four analog inputs, one analog output and a serial I²C‑bus interface. Three address pins A0, A1 and A2 are used for programming the hardware address, allowing the use of up to eight devices connected to the I²C‑bus without additional hardware. Address, control and data to and from the device are transferred serially via the two-line bidirectional I²C‑bus.
The functions of the device include analog input multiplexing, on-chip track and hold function, 8-bit analog‑to‑digital conversion and an 8‑bit digital‑to‑analog conversion. The maximum conversion rate is given by the maximum speed of the I²C-bus.